Space radiation is a big challenge when we will travel into deep space outs our protective magnetosphere. Harmful radiation comes from there sources. 1) Galactic cosmic rays, 2) Solar energetic particles, and 3) the Van Allen radiation belts.

 

How did the Apollo astronauts survive? Did they even go the the Moon? How did they avoid the radiation belts? How can we protect future astronauts from harmful radiation on long deep soace travels. A round trip to Mars will take about three years. Since Mars do not have a global magnetic field one need to be protected also on the surface of Mars (and the Moon).

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